engine start MERCEDES-BENZ CLS-Class 2017 W218 Owner's Manual

Features .............................................. 248
Maintenance and care......................265
Engine compartment ........................... 265
Maintenance ........................................ 269
Care ..................................................... 270
Breakdown assistance .....................277
Where will I find...? .............................. 277
Flat tire ................................................ 278
Battery (vehicle) .................................. 282
Jump-starting ....................................... 285
Towing and tow-starting ...................... 287
Fuses ................................................... 290
Wheels and tires ............................... 292
Important safety notes ........................ 292
Operation ............................................ 292
Winter operation .................................. 294
Tire pressure ....................................... 295
Loading the vehicle .............................. 302
All about wheels and tires ................... 305
Changing a wheel ................................ 312
Wheel and tire combinations ............... 317
Emergency spare wheel ....................... 317
Technical data ................................... 321
Information regarding technical data ... 321
Vehicle electronics .............................. 321
Identification plates ............................. 322
Service products and filling capaci-
ties ...................................................... 323
Vehicle data ......................................... 328
Contents3

Switching the function on/off
(ATA) ................................................ 75
Alarm system
see ATA (Anti-Theft Alarm system)
Ambient lighting
Setting the brightness (on-board
computer) ...................................... 198
Setting the color (on-board com-
puter) ............................................. 198
AMG adaptive sport suspension
system ................................................ 161
Anti-lock braking system
see ABS (Anti-lock Braking System)
Anti-Theft Alarm system
see ATA (Anti-Theft Alarm system)
Ashtray ............................................... 252
Assistance display (on-board com-
puter) .................................................. 195
Assistance menu (on-board com-
puter) .................................................. 195
ASSYST PLUS
Displaying a service message ........ 270
Hiding a service message .............. 269
Resetting the service interval dis-
play ................................................ 270
Service message ............................ 269
Special service requirements ......... 270
ATA (Anti-Theft Alarm system)
Activating/deactivating ................... 75
Function ........................................... 75
Switching off the alarm .................... 75
ATTENTION ASSIST
Activating/deactivating ................. 196
Display message ............................ 215
Function/notes ............................. 177
Audio 20
Switching on/off ........................... 237
Audio system
see separate operating instructions
Authorized Mercedes-Benz Center
see Qualified specialist workshop
Authorized workshop
see Qualified specialist workshop
AUTO lights
Display message ............................ 212
see Lights
Automatic car wash (care) ............... 270Automatic engine start (ECO start/
stop function)
.................................... 127
Automatic engine switch-off (ECO
start/stop function) .......................... 126
Automatic headlamp mode .............. 105
Automatic transmission
Accelerator pedal position ............. 133
Automatic drive program ............... 135
Cha
nging gear ............................... 133
DIRECT SELECT lever ..................... 130
Display message ............................ 223
Drive program display .................... 130
Driving tips .................................... 133
Emergency running mode .............. 138
Engaging drive position .................. 132
Engaging neutral ............................ 131
Engaging park position
(Mercedes-AMG vehicles) .............. 130
Engaging park position automati-
cally ............................................... 131
Engaging reverse gear ................... 131
Engaging the park position ............ 131
Kickdown ....................................... 133
Manual drive program .................... 135
Manual drive program (Mercedes-
AMG vehicles) ................................ 136
Manual drive program (vehicles
with Sports package AMG) ............ 136
Overview ........................................ 129
Problem (malfunction) ................... 138
Program selector button ................ 133
Pulling away ................................... 125
Selector lever ................................ 129
Starting the engine ........................ 125
Steering wheel paddle shifters ...... 135
Transmission position display ........ 129
Transmission position display
(DIRECT SELECT lever) ................... 130
Transmission positions .................. 132
Automatic transmission emer-
gency mode ....................................... 138
B
Back button ....................................... 237
BAS (Brake Assist System) ................. 65
Index5

see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 236
E
EASY-ENTRY featureActivating/deactivating ................. 199
Function/notes ............................. 100
EASY-EXIT feature
Crash-responsive ........................... 100
Function/notes ............................. 100
Switching on/off ........................... 199
EASY-PACK trunk box ....................... 246
EBD (electronic brake force distri-
bution)
Display message ............................2 05
Function/notes ................................ 72
ECO display
Function/notes .............................1 44
On-board computer ....................... 191
ECO start/stop function
Automatic engine start .................. 127
Automatic engine switch-off .......... 126
Deactivating/activating ................. 127
General information ....................... 126
Important safety notes .................. 126
Introduction ................................... 126
Electronic Stability Program
see ESP
®(Electronic Stability Program)
Emergency
Automatic measures after an acci-
dent ................................................. 58
Emergency release
Driver's door ....................................8 3
Fuel filler flap ................................. 140
Trunk ............................................... 86
Vehicle ............................................. 83
Emergency spare wheel
General notes ................................ 318
Important safety notes .................. 317
Removing ....................................... 318
Storage location ............................ 318
Stowing .......................................... 319
Technical data ............................... 318
Emergency Tensioning Devices
Activation ......................................... 53
Emissions control
Service and warranty information .... 26 Engine
Check Engine warning lamp ........... 232
Display message ............................ 213
ECO start/stop function ................ 126
Engine number ............................... 323
Irregular running ............................ 128
Jump-starting ................................. 285
Starting problems .......................... 128
Starting the engine with the
SmartKey ....................................... 125
Starting with KEYLESS-GO ............. 125
Sw

itching off .................................. 141
Tow-starting (vehicle) ..................... 290
Engine electronics
Problem (malfunction) ................... 128
Engine jump starting
see Jump starting (engine)
Engine oil
Adding ........................................... 267
Additives ........................................ 326
Checking the oil level ..................... 267
Checking the oil level using the
dipstick .......................................... 267
Display message ............................ 214
Filling capacity ............................... 326
Notes about oil grades ................... 325
Notes on oil level/consumption .... 267
Temperature (on-board computer,
Mercedes-AMG vehicles) ............... 201
Entering an address
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 236
ESP
®(Electronic Stability Pro-
gram)
AMG menu (on-board computer) ... 201
Characteristics ................................. 70
Deactivating/activating (button
in Mercedes-AMG vehicles) ............. 71
Deactivating/activating (except
Mercedes‑AMG vehicles) ................. 70
Deactivating/activating (on-
board computer, except
Mercedes-AMG vehicles) ............... 195
Display message ............................ 204
Function/notes ................................ 69
General notes .................................. 69
Important safety information ........... 69
Trailer stabilization ........................... 72
10Index

Hazard warning lamps...................... 107
Head bags
Display message ............................ 209
Head restraints
Adjusting .........................................9 5
Adjusting (electrically) ..................... 95
Adjusting (rear) ................................ 95
Installing/removing (rear) ................ 96
Luxury .............................................. 95
see NECK-PRO head restraints
see NECK-PRO luxury head restraints
Headlamps
Fogging up .....................................1 08
see Automatic headlamp mode
Heating
see Climate control
High beam flasher .............................1 06
High-beam headlamps
Adaptive Highbeam Assist ............. 107
Display message ............................ 212
Switching on/off ........................... 106
Hill start assist .................................. 125
HOLD function
Activating ....................................... 158
Deactivating ................................... 158
Display message ............................ 216
Function/notes .............................1 57
Home address
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual ..................................................2 36
Hood
Closing ...........................................2 66
Display message ............................ 224
Important safety notes .................. 265
Opening ......................................... 265
Horn ...................................................... 33
Hydroplaning ..................................... 147
I
Ignition lock
see Key positions
Immobilizer .......................................... 74
Indicator and warning lamps
COLLISION PREVENTION ASSIST
PLUS .............................................. 234
Indicator lamps
see Warning and indicator lamps Indicators
see Turn signals
Insect protection on the radiator .... 266
Instrument cluster
Overview .......................................... 34
Settings ......................................... 197
Warning and indicator lamps ........... 34
Instrument cluster lighting .............. 198
Interior lighting
Automatic control .......................... 109
Control ...........................................1 09
Delayed switch-off (on-board
computer) ...................................... 199
Overview ........................................ 108
Reading lamp ................................. 108
Setting the brightness of the
ambient lighting (on-board com-
puter) ............................................. 198
Setting the brightness of the dis-
play/switch (on-board computer) .. 198
Setting the color of the ambient
lighting (on-board computer) ......... 198
iPod
®
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual ..................................................2 36
J
Jack
Storage location ............................ 277
Using ............................................. 313
Jump starting (engine) ......................285
K
Key positions
KEYLESS-GO .................................. 123
SmartKey ....................................... 123
KEYLESS-GO
Activating ......................................... 76
Convenience closing feature ............ 89
Deactivation ..................................... 76
Display message ............................ 225
Locking ............................................ 76
Removing the Start/Stop button ... 124
Start/Stop button .......................... 123
Starting the engine ........................ 125
Unlocking ......................................... 76
12Index

Seat heating .................................... 97
Seat heating problem ...................... 98
Storing settings (memory func-
tion) ............................................... 104
Switching seat heating on/off ......... 97
Switching seat ventilation on/
off .................................................... 98
Section
Trunk ............................................... 83
Securing a load
see Securing cargo
Securing cargo .................................. 246
Selector lever
Cleaning ......................................... 275
Sensors (cleaning instructions) ....... 274
Service menu (on-board com-
puter) .................................................. 197
Service message
see ASSYST PLUS
Service products
Brake fluid ..................................... 326
Coolant (engine) ............................ 326
Engine oil ....................................... 325
Fuel ................................................ 324
Important safety notes .................. 323
Refrigerant (air-conditioning sys-
tem) ............................................... 327
Washer fluid ................................... 327
Setting the air distribution ............... 118
Setting the airflow ............................ 118
Setting the date/time format
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 236
Setting the language
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 236
Setting the time
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 236
Settings
Factory (on-board computer) ......... 200
On-board computer ....................... 197
SETUP (on-board computer) ............. 201
Side impact air bag ............................. 47
Side marker lamp (display mes-
sage) ................................................... 212 Side windows
Cleaning ......................................... 273
Convenience closing feature ............ 88
Convenience opening feature .......... 88
Important safety information ........... 87
Opening/closing .............................. 87
Problem (malfunction) ..................... 89
Resetting ......................................... 89
Reversing feature ............................. 87
SIRIUS services
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 236
Sliding sunroof
Important safety notes .................... 90
Openi
ng/closing .............................. 91
Problem (malfunction) ..................... 91
Resetting ......................................... 91
SmartKey
Changing the battery ....................... 79
Changing the programming ............. 77
Checking the battery ....................... 79
Convenience closing feature ............ 88
Convenience opening feature .......... 88
Display message ............................ 225
Door central locking/unlocking ....... 76
Important safety notes .................... 76
Loss ................................................. 80
Mechanical key ................................ 78
Overview .......................................... 76
Positions (ignition lock) ................. 123
Problem (malfunction) ..................... 80
Starting the engine ........................ 125
SMS
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 236
Snow chains ...................................... 294
Sockets
Center console .............................. 253
General notes ................................ 253
Rear compartment ......................... 254
Sound
Switching on/off ........................... 237
Spare wheel
Stowing .......................................... 319
Special seat belt retractor .................. 58
Specialist workshop ............................ 29
Speed, controlling
see Cruise control
18Index

SpeedometerDigital ............................................ 191
In the Instrument cluster ................. 34
Segments ...................................... 188
Selecting the display unit ............... 197
SPORT handling mode
Deactivating/activating
(Mercedes-AMG vehicles) ................7 1
Warning lamp ................................. 231
Standing lamps
Display message ............................2 12
Switching on/off ........................... 106
Start/stop function
see ECO start/stop function
Starting (engine) ................................ 124
Steering
Display message ............................ 225
Steering Assist and Stop&Go Pilot
(DISTRONIC PLUS)
Activating/deactivating ................. 196
Display message ............................ 220
Steering wheel
Adjusting (electrically) ..................... 99
Button overview ............................... 35
Buttons (on-board computer) ......... 189
Cleaning ......................................... 275
Important safety notes .................... 98
Paddle shifters ............................... 135
Steering wheel heating .................... 99
Storing settings (memory func-
tion) ............................................... 104
Steering wheel heating
Problem (malfunction) ..................... 99
Switching on/off .............................. 99
Steering wheel paddle shifters ........135
Stopwatch (RACETIMER) ................... 201
Stowage areas ................................... 242
Stowage compartments
Armrest (under) .............................2 44
Center console .............................. 243
Center console (rear) ..................... 244
Cup holders ................................... 248
Eyeglasses compartment ...............2 43
Glove box ....................................... 243
Important safety information ......... 242
Rear ............................................... 244
Stowage net ................................... 245 Under driver's seat/front-
passenger seat .............................. 244
Stowage n
et ....................................... 245
Stowage well beneath the trunk
floor .................................................... 247
Summer tires ..................................... 294
Sun visor ............................................ 250
Surround lighting (on-board com-
puter) .................................................. 198
Suspension setting
AIRMATIC ...................................... 160
AMG adaptive sport suspension
system ........................................... 161
Suspension settings
SETUP (on-board computer) .......... 201
Switching air-recirculation mode
on/off ................................................. 120
Switching on media mode
Via the device list .......................... 241
T
Tachometer ........................................ 188
Tail lamps
Display message ............................ 212
Tank
see Fuel tank
Tank content
Fuel gauge ....................................... 34
Technical data
Capacities ...................................... 323
Emergency spare wheel ................. 318
Information .................................... 321
Tires/wheels ................................. 317
Vehicle data ................................... 328
Telephone
Accepting a call (multifunction
steering wheel) .............................. 194
Authorizing a mobile phone (con-
necting) ......................................... 240
Connecting a mobile phone (gen-
eral information) ............................ 239
Display message ............................ 225
Menu (on-board computer) ............ 194
Number from the phone book ........ 194
Redialing ........................................ 195
Rejecting/ending a call ................. 194
Index19

see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 236
Switching between mobile
phones ...........................................241
Temperature
Coolant .......................................... 188
Coolant (on-board computer,
Mercedes-AMG vehicles) ...............2 01
Engine oil (on-board computer,
Mercedes-AMG vehicles) ...............2 01
Outside temperature ......................1 88
Setting (climate control) ................ 117
Through-loading feature ................... 245
Timing (RACETIMER) ......................... 201
Tire pressure
Calling up (on-board computer) ..... 299
Checking manually ........................ 298
Display message ............................ 221
Maximum ....................................... 298
Not reached (TIREFIT) .................... 281
Notes ............................................. 297
Reached (TIREFIT) .......................... 281
Recommended ............................... 295
Using the TIREFIT kit ......................2 80
Tire pressure loss warning system
General notes ................................ 298
Important safety notes .................. 298
Restarting ...................................... 299
Tire pressure monitor
Checking the tire pressure elec-
tronically ........................................ 301
Function/notes .............................2 99
General notes ................................ 299
Important safety notes .................. 300
Radio type approval for the tire
pressure monitor ........................... 302
Restarting ...................................... 302
Warning lamp ................................. 235
Warning message .......................... 301
Tire-change tool kit ........................... 277
TIREFIT kit .......................................... 279
Important safety notes .................. 279
Storage location ............................ 277
Tire pressure not reached .............. 281
Tire pressure reached .................... 281
Using ............................................. 280
Tires
Aspect ratio (definition) ................. 311 Average weight of the vehicle
occupants (definition) .................... 310
Bar (definition) ............................... 310
Changing a wheel .......................... 312
Characteristics .............................. 310
Checking ........................................ 292
Curb weight (definition) ................. 311
Definition of terms ......................... 310
Direction of rotation ...................... 313
Display message ............................ 221
Distribution of the vehicle occu-
pants (definition) ............................ 312
DOT (Department of Transporta-
tion) (definition) ............................. 310
DOT, Tire Identification Number
(TIN) ............................................... 309
GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating)
(definition) ..................................... 310
GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight) (def-
inition) ........................................... 311
GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rat-
ing) (definition) .............................. 311
Important safety notes .................. 292
Increased vehicle weight due to
optional equipment (definition) ...... 310
Information on driving .................... 292
Kilopascal (kPa) (definition) ........... 311
Labeling (overview) ........................ 307
Load bearing index (definition) ...... 312
Load index ..................................... 309
Load index (definition) ................... 311
Maximum load on a tire (defini-
tion) ............................................... 311
Maximum loaded vehicle weight
(definition) ..................................... 311
Maximum permissible tire pres-
sure (definition) ............................. 311
Maximum tire load ......................... 309
Maximum tire load (definition) ....... 311
MOExtended tires .......................... 294
Optional equipment weight (defi-
nition) ............................................ 312
PSI (pounds per square inch) (def- inition) ........................................... 311
Replacing ....................................... 312
Service life ..................................... 293
Si

dewall (definition) ....................... 311
Speed rating (definition) ................ 311
20Index

Storing ........................................... 313
Structure and characteristics
(definition) ..................................... 310
Temperature .................................. 306
TIN (Tire Identification Number)
(definition) ..................................... 312
Tire bead (definition) ...................... 311
Tire pressure (definition) ................ 311
Tire pressures (recommended) ...... 310
Tire size (data) ............................... 317
Tire size designation, load-bearing
capacity, speed rating .................... 307
Tire tread ....................................... 293
Tire tread (definition) ..................... 311
Total load limit (definition) ............. 312
Traction ......................................... 306
Traction (definition) ....................... 312
Tread wear ..................................... 306
Uniform Tire Quality Grading
Standards ...................................... 305
Uniform Tire Quality Grading
Standards (definition) .................... 310
Wear indicator (definition) ............. 312
Wheel and tire combination ........... 317
Wheel rim (definition) .................... 310
see Flat tire
Top Tether ............................................ 60
Tow-starting
Emergency engine starting ............ 290
Important safety notes .................. 287
Towing a trailer
ESP
®(Electronic Stability Pro-
gram) ............................................... 72
Towing away
Important safety guidelines ........... 287
Installing the towing eye ................ 288
Removing the towing eye ............... 289
Transporting the vehicle ................ 289
With both axles on the ground ....... 289
With the rear axle raised ................ 289
Towing eye ......................................... 277
Traffic reports
see also Digital Operator's Man-
ual .................................................. 236
Traffic Sign Assist
Display message ............................ 216
Function/notes ............................. 178
Important safety notes .................. 178 Instrument cluster display ............. 178
Transfer case ..................................... 138
Transmission
see Auto matic tra
nsmission
Transmission position display ......... 130
Transmission position display
(DIRECT SELECT lever) ...................... 130
Transporting the vehicle .................. 289
Trim pieces (cleaning instruc-
tions) .................................................. 275
Trip computer (on-board com-
puter) .................................................. 191
Trip odometer
Calling up ....................................... 190
Resetting (on-board computer) ...... 191
Trunk
Emergency release .......................... 86
Important safety notes .................... 83
Opening/closing (automatically
from inside) ...................................... 85
Opening/closing (automatically
from outside) ................................... 84
Opening/closing (manually from
outside) ............................................ 84
Trunk lid
Display message ............................ 224
Opening dimensions ...................... 328
Trunk load (maximum) ...................... 328
Turn signals
Display message ............................ 212
Switching on/off ........................... 106
Two-way radio
Frequencies ................................... 321
Installation ..................................... 321
Transmission output (maximum) .... 321
Type identification plate
see Vehicle identification plate
U
UnlockingEmergency unlocking ....................... 83
From inside the vehicle (central
unlocking button) ............................. 82
Upshift indicator (on-board com-
puter, Mercedes-AMG vehicles) ....... 201
Index21

Protection of the environment
General notes
HEnvironmental note
Daimler's declared policy is one of compre-
hensive environmental protection.
The objectives are for the natural resources
that form the basis of our existence on this
planet to be used sparingly and in a manner
that takes the requirements of both nature
and humanity into account.
You too can help to protect the environment
by operating your vehicle in an environmen-
tally responsible manner.
Fuel consumption and the rate of engine,
transmission, brake and tire wear are affected by these factors:
Roperating conditions of your vehicle
Ryour personal driving style
You can influence both factors. You should
bear the following in mind:
Operating conditions:
Ravoid short trips as these increase fuel con-
sumption.
Ralways make sure that the tire pressures
are correct.
Rdo not carry any unnecessary weight.
Rremove roof racks once you no longer need
them.
Ra regularly serviced vehicle will contribute
to environmental protection. You should
therefore adhere to the service intervals.
Ralways have service work carried out at a
qualified specialist workshop.
Personal driving style:
Rdo not depress the accelerator pedal when
starting the engine.
Rdo not warm up the engine when the vehicle
is stationary.
Rdrive carefully and maintain a safe distance
from the vehicle in front.
Ravoid frequent, sudden acceleration and
braking.
Rchange gear in good time and use each gear
only up to Ôof its maximum engine speed.
Rswitch off the engine in stationary traffic.
Rkeep an eye on the vehicle's fuel consump-
tion.
Environmental concerns and recom-
mendations
Wherever the operating instructions require you
to dispose of materials, first try to regenerate or
re-use them. Observe the relevant environmen-
tal rules and regulations when disposing of
materials. In this way you will help to protect the
environment.
Genuine Mercedes-Benz parts
HEnvironmental note
Daimler AG also supplies reconditioned major
assemblies and parts which are of the same
quality as new parts. They are covered by the
same Limited Warranty entitlements as new
parts.
!Air bags and Emergency Tensioning Devi-
ces, as well as control units and sensors for
these restraint systems, may be installed in
the following areas of your vehicle:
Rdoors
Rdoor pillars
Rdoor sills
Rseats
Rcockpit
Rinstrument cluster
Rcenter console
Do not install accessories such as audio sys-
tems in these areas. Do not carry out repairs or welding. You could impair the operating
efficiency of the restraint systems.
Have aftermarket accessories installed at a
qualified specialist workshop.
You could jeopardize the operating safety of
your vehicle if you use parts, tires and wheels as
well as accessories relevant to safety which
have not been approved by Mercedes-Benz. This
could lead to malfunctions in safety-relevant
Genuine Mercedes-Benz parts25
Introduction
Z

Restraint system warning lamp
The functions of the restraint system are
checked after the ignition is switched on and at
regular intervals while the engine is running.
Therefore, malfunctions can be detected in
good time.
The6 restraint system warning lamp in the
instrument cluster lights up when the ignition is
switched on. It goes out no later than a few sec-
onds after the vehicle is started. The compo-
nents of the restraint system are in operational
readiness.
A malfunction has occurred if the 6restraint
system warning lamp:
Rdoes not light up after the ignition is switched
on
Rdoes not go out after a few seconds with the
engine running
Rlights up again while the engine is running
GWARNING
If the restraint system is malfunctioning,
restraint system components may be trig-
gered unintentionally or may not deploy as
intended during an accident. This can affect
for example the Emergency Tensioning
Device or the air bag. This poses an increased
risk of injury or even fatal injury.
Have the restraint system checked and
repaired in a qualified specialist workshop as
soon as possible.
PASSENGER AIR BAG OFF indicator
lamp
PASSENGER AIR BAG OFF indicator lamp :is
part of the Occupant Classification System
(OCS).
The PASSENGER AIR BAG OFF indicator lamp
informs you about the status of the front-
passenger front air bag.
If the PASSENGER AIR BAG OFF indicator
lamp:
Ris lit: the front-passenger front air bag is
deactivated. It will then not be deployed in the
event of an accident.
Ris not lit : the front-passenger front air bag is
enabled. If, in the event of an accident, all
deployment criteria are met, the front-
passenger front air bag is deployed.
Depending on the person in the front-passenger
seat, the front-passenger front air bag must
either be deactivated or enabled; see the fol-
lowing points. You must make sure of this both
before and during a journey.
RChildren in a child restraint system:
whether the front-passenger front air bag is
enabled or deactivated depends on the instal-
led child restraint system, and the age and
size of the child. Therefore, be sure to observe the notes on the "Occupant Classification
System (OCS)" (
Ypage 49) and on "Chil-
dren in the vehicle" (Ypage 58). There you
will also find instructions on rearward and
forward-facing child restraint systems on the
front-passenger seat.
RAll other persons: depending on the classi-
fication of the person in the front-p assenger
seat, the front-passenger front air bag is ena-
bled or deactivated (
Ypage 49). Be sure to
observe the notes on "Seat
belts“ (
Ypage 42) and "Air bags"
(Ypage 46). There you can also find infor-
mation on the correct seat position.
Seat belts
Introduction
Seat belts are the most effective means of
restricting the movement of vehicle occupants
in the event of an accident or the vehicle rolling
over. This reduces the risk of vehicle occupants coming into contact with parts of the vehicle
interior or being ejected from the vehicle. Fur-
thermore, the seat belt helps to keep the vehicle
42Occupant safety
Safety